Note that, when using the --recursive (-r) option (which is implied by -a),
every subcomponent of
every path is visited from the top down, so include/exclude patterns get
-applied recursively to each subcomponent.
+applied recursively to each subcomponent's full name (e.g. to include
+"/foo/bar/baz" the subcomponents "/foo" and "/foo/bar" must not be excluded).
The exclude patterns actually short-circuit the directory traversal stage
when rsync finds the files to send. If a pattern excludes a particular
parent directory, it can render a deeper include pattern ineffectual